Fuel-pump



W. H. HOST.

FUEL PUMP.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 10, I918.

3 SHEETSSHEET P o 5: i a

WITNESSES: I INVENTOR w. H. HOST. FUEL PUMP.

APPLICATION FILED APR-10,1918.

1,362,742. Bdtented Dec. 21,1920.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

' M AW.

of fuel delivered may PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM H. BUST, 0F OAKLAND, CALIFORNIA.

FUEL-PUMP.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Dec, 21, 1920,

Application filed April 10, 1918. Serial No. 227,765.

To aZZ whom it may concern.

Be it known that 1, WILLIAM H. Rosr, a citizen of the United States,residing at Oakland, in the county of Alameda and State of California,have invented new and useful Improvements in Fuel-Pumps, of which thefollowing is a specification.

This invention relates to a fuel pump, and particularly to a fuel pumshown in my co-pending application erial Number 241,482, filed June 24,1918, entitled Valve mechanism. 1

One of the objects of the present invention is to construct a simple,substantial fuel pump for delivering oil to the injecting valve or spraynozzle of an internal combustion engine, and in connection therewithtoprovide means for automatically or manually regulating the quantity offuel d1scharged by the pump, so that a ratio between engme speed, loadand the quantity be maintained. 'Another object of the invention is toprovide a compensating piston whereby the variable discharge of the pumpmay be regulated, and in connection therewlth to provide means formanually reciprocating the compensating piston to permit it to serve asa priming pump. Another objectof the invention is to utilize the heatedcooling water discharged from the engine cylinder jacket by conductingthe same to a chamber in close proximity to the suction chamber of thefuel pump, thereby rendering the fuel more fluid and allowing asensitive action of the valves. Further objects will hereinafter appear.

The invention consists of the parts and the construction and combinationof parts as hereinafter more fully described and claimed, havingreference to the accompa-' nying drawmgs, in which- Figure 1 is an endview of an internal combustion engine of the Diesel type, showing theapplication of the invention.

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the adjustable stop which limits the movementof the compensating piston in the fuel pump.

Fig. 3 is a side elevation of same.

Fig. 4 is a central, longitudinal section through the fuel pump. j

Fig. 5 is a cross section on line 55 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is an enlarged detail view of the hand lever connected with thecompensating piston which permits'a reciprocal movement to betransmitted to the compensating piston,

meansof a spring 17. The plunger 10 is 'ward movement of the piston 13is per- Fig. 7 is an enlarged detail view of the compensating piston andthe intake valvecarried thereby.

Referring to the drawings in detail A indicates the main cylinder of aninternal combustion engine of the Diesel type, 2

I the governor shaft, 3the governor, 4f the cam shaft, 5 the gearsthrough which it is driven, 6 the air starting valve, 7 the fuel o 1linjecting valve, and 8 and 9 the respectlve rocker arms by which theyare operated. In the operation of an engine of this type 1t is necessary:to deliver the fuel oil burnt by the engine to the fuel injecting valve7 under hlgh pressure, the pressure generally employed varying indifferent instances from five hundred pounds to eight hundred pounds.The quantity or volume of oil dellvered to the fuel injecting valve andthe pressure maintained are also of considerable importance, i. 6., thequantity of, oil dellvered to the valve should be proportional to enginespeed and load.

A fuel pump, generally indicated at B, capable of performing thesefunctions forms .the subject-matter of the present application and isconstructed as follows: B indi- ,cates the pump housing, 10 a plungerpiston entering a cylinder'chamber. 11 and extending through a stuflingbox 12, 13 a compensating piston,.14 an lnlet valve carried by thepiston, and 15 an exhaust or discharge valve which isnormally held on aseat 16 by i in this instance connected with a piston cross-head 18,which is in turn reciproca'ted by means of an eccentric 19 secured on thgovernor shaft 2.

The compensating piston employed forms case and its construction andoperation will be as follows: By referring to Figs. 4, 5 and 7 it willbe seen that a limited downmitted. This downward movement is fixed ordetermined by a shoulder 20 and takes place when the plunger 10 moves tocompress or discharge the oil received by the. cylinder chamber 11. Theupward movement of the piston, however, takes place during the suctionstroke of the plunger, but this upward movement is variable oradjustable and, therefore, permits the capacity of the cylinder chamber11 to be increased or decreased or the volume discharged to be varied,The variable upward movement of one of the important features of thepresent ing piston, of course, determines the uantity of fuel admittedto the cylinder 0 amber 11 when the piston moves outward on the suctionstroke. compensating piston should move clear up to the upper shoulder25, as shown in Fig. 4, it can readily be seen'that the smallest'quantity of fuel possible to be handled by the pump would be receivedand that if the upward movement of the compensating piston was small orlimited it would practically not leave the lower shoulder 20 and thelargest. volume possible to be handled by the pump would be received. a

The upward movement of the piston is in the present instance bothmanually and automatically controlled, and this is accomplished in thefollowing manner: Pivotally connected, as at 26', to the lower end ofthe compensating piston is a connecting rod 27 and pivotally mounted, asat 28, on an eccentric 29 is a bell-crank 30 to which the lower end ofthe connecting rod 27 is connected, as at 31. The upper end of thebellcrank is positioned in direct alinement with a stop rod 32 and theposition of'the stop rod is in turn controlled bya rocker arm 33 whichmay be automatically operated by the governor 3 or manually operatedfrom a controllin lever 34 and the link mechanism generally indicated at35.

The manual operation, as stated, takes place when the controlling lever34 is moved in the direction of arrow 0.. The controlling lever is inalinement with a notch 36 when the engine is stopped but is graduallymoved in the direction of arrow at when the engine is in operation andwhen it is desired to regulate its speed; full speed being obtained whenthe lever is swung to the position shown in'Fig. 1. Forward movement ofthe lever causes a pin 37 carried thereby to engage a rocker arm 38, andas this arm is pivotally mounted and connected through the link 35 witha crank arm 39 controlling the position of an eccentric 40, it canreadily be seen that turning movement of the eccentric will first forcethe lower end of the lever 33 to or away from the stop rod 32, i

in, this manner moving it to or away from the bell-crank 30 and therebyincreasing or decreasing the upward movement of the compensating piston13. The automatic a'djustment. of the stop rod takes place when Forinstance, if the* cylinder jacket.

the governor operates; that is, the collar 3 will move up and down onthe governor shaft when the governor weights 3 are extended orcontracted, thereby rocking the,

arm 33 and automatically controlling the position of the stop rod.The-quantity of fuel discharged from the pump and delivered to the fuelinjecting valve is in this manner automatically regulated by thegovernor andmanually regulated by the lever 34 and the connectedmechanism when the engine is started.

The arm 38 issecured on'the eccentric pin 40, while the arm 39 ispivotally mounted on a pin 41 carried by the'eccentrio' The movement ofeither arm will change the position of the stop rod 32 and it is obviousthat either operation is equally sensitive and positive as far as thecompensating piston V discharged by the pump but it may also be employedas a priming pump. This is accomplished' by extending the shaft 28, asat 30 is mounted and securing an arm or handle 50 on the outer end ofthe shaft. This handle may be rocked back and forth and this movement,when transmitted through the bell-crank 30 and the connecting rod 27,will naturally cause the com ensating piston to reciprocate and, thereore, act asa hand-operated priming pump whenever it is desired.

The oil handled by the pump is preferably admitted through a pipe 60 and.this oil when first entering is received in a chamber 61 from where itpasses up through the compensating piston and the inlet Valve 14 intothe cylinder chamber ll during the suc- 28 (seeFigi 6) upon which thebell-crank ably be heated to permit as sensitive an action of the pumpvalves as possible. This is accomplished by utilizing the heated cooling.water discharging from the engine This water is conducted to a 'acket65 inclosing the suction chamber 61, t ereby rendering the fuel morefluid and allowing the sensitive action of the valves. 1 One of thechief features of this invention is the automatic control of the feedpump and the charge delivered thereby, through the medium of either thecontrolling lever or the engine governor operating to vary the capacityof the pump cylinder. 4

Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure byLetters Patent is-.

1. A governing device comprising a housing provided with a pump chamber,a piston operable in connection therewith to force a fluid through thechamber, a reciprocally mounted governing piston exposed to the fluidadapted to move against a fixed stop when pressure isexerted on thefluid bythe pumping piston and against an adjustable stop when thepumping piston is on the suction stroke, and means for manuallycontrolling the position of the adjustable stop, said means comprising agovernor actuated crank arm, a pivotal mounting for said crank arm, aneccentric bearing supporting the pivotal mounting, and means foradjusting the position of the eccentric bearing.

2. A governing device comprising a housing provided with a pump chamber,a piston operable in connection therewith to force a fluid through thechamber, a reciprocally mounted governing piston exposed to the fluidadapted to move against a fixed stop when pressure is exerted on thefluid by the pumping piston and against an adjustable stop when thepumping piston is on the suction stroke, an inlet valve carried by thegoverningpiston communicating with the pump chamber, a dischargingvalve, a connecting rod pivotally attached at one end to the governingpiston and at the opposite end to a crank arm, a suction chamber formedadjacent to'the inlet valve, means for heating said suction chamber andan adjustable stop engageable with t e crank arm..

the plunger, and manually controlled means for imparting a reciprocalmovement to the governing piston.

4. The combination with a Diesel engine and a pump for delivering fuelthereto, of

a plunger reciprocally mounted in the pump and driven by the engine,means on the pump for varying the fuel charge delivered to the engine,said means comprising a governing piston reciprocally independent of theplunger, an adjusta 1e stop member adapted to limit the movement of thegoverning piston, a governor controlled mechanism' for automaticallmoving the adjustablestop, and manna ly controlled means operableindependent of the adjustable stop forregulating the movement of thegoverning piston.

5. The combination with a Diesel engine and a pump for delivering fuelthereto, of a plunger reciprocally mounted in the pump and driven by theengine, means on the pump for varyin the fuel charge delivered to theengine, sai means comprising a gov- 3. The combination with a Dieselengine operable independent of the adjustable stop for regulating themovement of the governingpiston, said manually controlled means adaptedto impart a reciprocal movement to the governing piston. y

6. The combination with a Diesel engine and a pump for delivering fuelthereto, of a plunger reciprocally mounted in the pump and driven by theengine, means on the pump for varying the fuel charge delivered to theengine, said means comprising a governing piston reciprocallyindependent of the plunger, an adjustable stop member adapted to limitthe movement of the governing piston, a governor controlled mechanlsmfor automatically moving the adjustable stop, manually controlled meansoperable independent of the adjustable stop for regulating the movementof the governing piston, said manually controlled means comprising acrank arm, a link forming a connection between one end of the crank armand the governing piston, a projection on the crank arm engageable withthe adjustable stop, a pivotal mounting for the crank arm, an eccentricsupport for said pivotal mounting, and manually controlled means forturning said eccentric support.

7. A governing device for Diesel engines 100 comprising a housingprovided with a pump chamber and a fuel supplying chamber, a plungeroperable in connection with the pump chamber and reciprocally withrelation thereto to force a fluid through the chamber, a reciprocallymounted governing piston interposed between the pump chamber and thefluid supplying chamber, a fixed stop adapted to limit the movement ofthe governing piston when pressure is exerted 110 on the fluid by theplunger, an adjustable stop adapted to limit the movement of thegoverning piston during the suction stroke, and an inlet valve carriedby the governing piston, adapted to open and close communication betweenthe pump chamber 'and the fluid supplying chamber.

8. A governing device for Diesel engines comprising a housing providedwith a pump chamber and a fuel supplying chamber, a plunger operable inconnection with the pump chamber and reciprocally with relation theretoto force a fluid through the chamber, a reciprocally mounted governingpiston interposed between the pump chamber and the fluid supplyingchamber, a fixed stop adapted to limit the movement of the governingpiston when pressure is exerted on the fluid by the plunger, anadjustable stop adapted to limit the movement of theu governing pistonduring the suction stroke, an inlet valve carried by the governingpiston, adapted to open and close communication between the pump chamberand the fluid supplying chamber, a discharge valve communicating withthe pump chamber, and means actuated by a governor for automaticallymoving the adjustable stop.

9. A governing device for Diesel engines comprising a housing providedwith a pump chamber and a fuel supplying chamber, a plunger operable inconnection with the pump chamber and reciprocallywith relation theretoto force a fluid throughiithe chamber, a rec-iprocallymounted governingpiston interposed between the pump chamber and the fiuid supplyingchamber, a fixed stop adapted to limit the movement of the governingpiston when pressure isexerted on the fluid by the plunger, anadjustable 'stop adapted to limit the movement of the governing pistonduring the suction stroke, an inletvalve carried by the governingpiston, adapted to open and close communication betweenthe pump chamberand the fluid supplying chamber, a discharge valve communicating withthe pump chamber, means actuated by a governor for automatically movingthe adjustable stop, manually controlled means for further regulatingthe movement of the governing piston with relation to the adjustablestop, said means comprising a crank arm, a link forming a connectionbetween one end of the crank arm and the governing piston, a projectionon the crank arm engageable with the adjustable stop, a pivotal mountingfor the crank arm, an eccentric supporting the pivotal mounting, andmanually controlled means for turning the eccentric.

10. In an apparatus for delivering variable quantities of fuel to aninternal combustion engine, a housing having a pump chamber and asuction chamber formed therein, a plunger communicating with the pumpchamber, means for imparting a reciprocal movement thereto, and agoverning piston interposed between the pump chamber and the suctionchamber and movable independently of the plunger.

pump chamber, means for imparting a reciprocal movement thereto, agoverning-piston interposed between the pump chamber and the suctionchamber and movable independently of the plunger,-a seat member limitingthe movement of the governing piston during the pressure stroke, andadjustable means limiting the movement of the governing piston in theopposite direction during the suction stroke. i

12. In an apparatus for delivering variable quantities of fuel to aninternal combustion engine, a pump having a fuel inlet and a fuel outletconnected with the engine, a governing piston cooperating with the pump,said piston having a free reciprocal movement, but limited andengageable during the pressure stroke by a fixed stop, speed controlledmeans connected with the engine, and means actuated thereby for limitingthe movement of the governing piston in an opposite direction onlyduring the suction stroke.

-l3. In an apparatus for delivering vari able quantities of fuel to aninternal combustion engine, a pump having a fuel inlet and a fuel outletconnected with the engine, a governing piston cooperating with. thepump, said piston having a free reciprocal movement, but limited andengageable during the pressure stroke by a fixed stop, a governor-drivenby the engine, and means actuated thereby for limiting the movement ofthe governing piston in an opposite direction only during the. suctionstroke, said means relieving'the governor of resistance during thepressure stroke.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

WILLIAM ROST.

Witnesses: J OHN H. HERRING,

W. W. HEALEY.

